To achieve this effect, each individual image must be replaced by the next one while your brain and eye still retain the previous image. This is an optical illusion known as the ‘ Persistence of Vision.’ For the person watching, the sketches appear as one continuous moving image. Traditional animations consist of multiple individual sketches, with slight differences, presented in quick succession. Learn more in our guide to cel animation. This led animators at Disney in the 1920s to dub them ‘onion skins’ and the practice of layering these on top of one another, much like the layers of an onion itself, became known as ‘onion skinning’.Ĭel animation is something else you can try at home. Much like an onion is made up of multiple translucent layers of skin, animation frames are drawn on semi-transparent sheets known as cels. The name ‘onion skinning’ derives from comparisons between the editing technique and the humble root vegetable. Historically, onion skinning in animation was made possible by the semi-transparent paper or ‘cels’ used by animators at Walt Disney Studios from the 1920s. This means the animator can tell whether the lines of each frame are correctly lined up - which is crucial to create an animation with smooth motion. Onion skinning in animation is an editing technique used to see several frames of an animation simultaneously.
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